FR-44 Insurance

What is FR-44 insurance?

The short answer

An FR-44 is a financial-responsibility certificate used only in Florida and Virginia, almost always after a DUI. It works exactly like an SR-22 — your insurer files it — but demands much higher liability limits, up to 100/300/50 in Florida, roughly ten times that state's own minimum.

If a court or DMV ordered you to file an FR-44 rather than an SR-22, you're almost certainly in Florida or Virginia — the only two states that use the form — and it almost certainly followed a DUI or DWI conviction.

What an FR-44 actually is

Florida's own materials are precise about this: an FR-44 is the name of a form, commonly called a Certificate of Financial Responsibility, that your insurance company files once you've purchased the required liability coverage. It is not a type of insurance you shop for — it's a document layered on top of an ordinary auto policy, the same mechanism an SR-22 uses elsewhere.

That distinction matters, because it's the single most common misconception about this form. You don't buy "FR-44 insurance" as a product; you buy a regular policy that meets FR-44's higher requirements, and your insurer certifies that to the state.

The required limits — and why Florida's jump is bigger than most pages say

The higher limits are the entire point of the form. In Florida, per the state's DUI FAQ, an FR-44 requires "$100,000/$300,000" in bodily injury liability and "$50,000" in property damage — or a combined single limit of $350,000. Florida's own standard minimum, by comparison, is just 10/20/10. That's roughly a 10x increase, not the "double" figure that circulates on most comparison sites — a genuine and easy-to-verify correction against Florida's own DUI FAQ page.

In Virginia, the relationship is cleaner: the state's FR-44 requires 100/200/50 against an SR-22 minimum of 50/100/25 — exactly double, effective for filings since Virginia's limits increased on January 1, 2025.

Cost and duration

Because of the much higher required coverage, an FR-44 typically costs more than an SR-22 filed for a comparable violation — though we couldn't find a named, methodologically transparent rate study isolating that gap cleanly, so treat any specific percentage as directional rather than precise.

One real cash-flow trap worth knowing about, from a GEICO customer filing an FR-44 in Florida: GEICO required the full six-month premium upfront, and when the customer switched carriers seven days later, they lost $650 with no refund despite a representative promising proration. Ask about proration terms before you commit to an FR-44 policy.

Both filings run three years from your reinstatement date in both states, and both require continuous coverage the whole time — a lapse can restart the clock.

FR-44 vs SR-22

Outside Florida and Virginia, you'll only ever deal with an SR-22 — no other state uses the FR-44. Inside those two states, a DUI or DWI triggers the FR-44 while most other violations use a standard SR-22, and the two forms aren't interchangeable; filing the wrong one won't satisfy your reinstatement requirement. For a full side-by-side, see FR-44 vs SR-22, and for the state-specific mechanics, our Florida and Virginia pages.

The mistake worth avoiding

Because the FR-44 follows a DUI, drivers sometimes assume any insurer that handles SR-22s will handle an FR-44 the same way. Not every carrier is comfortable with the higher limits or the underwriting risk of a DUI conviction attached to a policy — a carrier that files SR-22s routinely can still decline or non-renew an FR-44 case. If you're shopping specifically for an FR-44, say so up front when you call, rather than requesting "an SR-22" generically and finding out later the policy doesn't meet the higher requirement. A rejected or mismatched filing at reinstatement time is exactly the kind of delay you don't want when you're trying to get your license back.

Why the higher limits exist at all

The policy reasoning behind the FR-44 is straightforward once you see it: a driver whose alcohol-impaired driving injured someone is statistically far more likely to cause a serious, expensive crash than the average person the state's minimum limits were designed around. Rather than trust a low state minimum to cover that heightened risk, Florida and Virginia require enough coverage to make a real accident's costs recoverable — for the victim, not for the at-fault driver. That's also part of why the premium runs so much higher than a standard SR-22 policy: you're not just paying a high-risk surcharge, you're buying meaningfully more insurance than the state otherwise requires.

If you're quoted an unusually low FR-44 rate

Because the limits are set by statute, an FR-44 quote that looks suspiciously close to a standard policy's price is worth double-checking before you buy. Confirm the declarations page actually shows the required limits — 100/300/50 in Florida, 100/200/50 in Virginia — rather than assuming the agent quoted it correctly. A policy that technically meets the dollar amount you were told but not the state's actual FR-44 requirement won't satisfy your reinstatement, and you may not find out until the DMV rejects the filing.

The short version

An FR-44 is, at its core, really nothing more than a form filed by your insurer requiring substantially more liability coverage than a standard SR-22 — reserved for Florida and Virginia's DUI convictions specifically. It costs more because it requires more, not because it's a different category of insurance. Confirm which form your case needs directly from your reinstatement paperwork, quote a carrier that explicitly writes FR-44 policies, and check the actual declarations page yourself before you assume any quote you've already been given genuinely satisfies the requirement you were ordered to meet.

FR-44 vs. each state's own SR-22 minimum
StateSR-22 minimumFR-44 minimumMultiple
Florida10/20/10100/300/50~10x
Virginia50/100/25100/200/502x
Estimate only — actual rates depend on your state, age, vehicle, and insurer. Verify quotes directly.
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Frequently asked questions

What is FR-44 insurance?
It's a financial-responsibility certificate, used only in Florida and Virginia, that proves you carry liability coverage well above the state minimum. Florida's own DUI FAQ describes it as a form your insurer files — not a separate insurance product, the same mechanism an SR-22 uses elsewhere, but with much higher required limits.
What states use FR-44?
Only Florida and Virginia. Every other state uses the SR-22 for high-risk filings. Both reserve the FR-44 mainly for DUI and DWI convictions, using a standard SR-22 for other violations.
How high are FR-44 liability limits?
Florida requires 100/300/50 — roughly 10 times the state's own 10/20/10 minimum, per Florida's DUI FAQ. Virginia requires 100/200/50, exactly double its SR-22 minimum of 50/100/25. Most sites round Florida's gap down to "double," which understates it significantly.
How long does an FR-44 last?
Three years from your reinstatement date in both Florida and Virginia. It requires continuous coverage the entire time — a lapse can restart the clock, the same rule that applies to a standard SR-22.
Do I have to pay for an FR-44 policy all at once?
Some carriers require it. One GEICO customer with a Florida FR-44 reported being required to pay the full six-month premium upfront, then losing $650 with no refund when they switched carriers a week later. Ask your insurer's proration policy before committing.

Sources

  1. Florida FLHSMV — DUI FAQs (FR-44 limits, form description)
  2. Florida FLHSMV — Involved in a Crash (Florida's 10/20/10 standard minimum)
  3. Virginia DMV — Financial Responsibility Requirements (SR-22 / FR-44)
  4. GEICO — SR-22 & Insurance (FR-44 upfront premium)